Kwan, Winnie » AP Biology

AP Biology

Advanced Biology/AP Biology, Fall 2023

Ms. Kwan


In teaching Advanced Placement Biology at Lincoln High School, I hope not only to help students pass the Advanced Placement examination on May 16, 2024 but also to help you come to a deeper understanding and appreciation of the natural world around you, to help you become better analytical thinkers, and not shy away from searching for answers yourselves.  The AP Biology course is designed as a college level course that covers all of the California State Standards for Biology, and goes far beyond.  


The overarching “Big Ideas” around which this course is built are the ideas that

1) the process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life;

2) biological systems utilize energy and molecular building blocks to grow, reproduce, and maintain homeostasis;

3) living systems retrieve, transmit, and respond to information essential to life processes; and

4) biological systems interact, and these interactions possess complex properties.  

The Big Ideas are

  1. Evolution
  2. Energetics
  3. Information Storage and Transmission
  4. Systems interactions

The 8 units are

  1. Chemistry of Life 8-11%
  2. Cell Structure and Function 10-13%
  3. Cellular Energetics 12-16%
  4. Cell Communication and Cell Cycle 10-15%
  5. Heredity 8-11%
  6. Gene Expression and Regulation 12-16%
  7. Natural selection 13-20%
  8. Ecology 10-15%

To help students come to a deeper appreciation of how science really works, hands-on laboratory work and homework will accompany the majority of units covered, totaling to approximately 25% of the course.  This will include both informal, open-ended investigations, as well as formal, complex labs such as those recommended by the College Board, stressing inquiry & reasoning whenever possible (see addendum, Science Practice Skills). A formal laboratory notebook is required and will be evaluated periodically.  It should include formal lab write-ups, clear data collection presented in charts and graphs, and complex analysis of results (see addendum, Lab Write-ups).  Students will also be expected to make periodic oral presentations to the class of “Biology in the News”, to help bring everyone to a new level of understanding of how truly important Biology is to our daily lives.  By doing this, students should be able to make connections to a variety of learning objectives (see addendum, Learning Objectives).


Grading:  The class is curved on a scale similar to college board and ranges from minimum of 58% for a C/C to minimum 83% for an A/A. As one of the main objectives of this course is to provide you the tools and skills to pass a most difficult, college-level examination, about 75% of your grade in the course will be based on assessment results which includes multiple choice and free response questions. This does not mean that homework, classwork, and laboratory experiences are not important.  On the contrary, I expect all students choosing this level of academic excellence to do all the required assignments as a matter of course. The more you put into it, the more you get out of it.  Anyone who chooses to skip formative assignments like labs, reading or homework questions that are assigned, or who does not do everything possible to keep up with the workload will jeopardize their learning and grade and will be counseled. Students can make up no more than 3 exams and 3 non-test assignments per semester. Finally, there is nothing more important to me than honorable behavior.  Therefore, I expect every student to do their own work, and cheating will call for severe repercussions, including expulsion from class.

For my part, I will work very hard preparing and updating lecture material and labs, will be available to you at lunchtime or after-school, and will put in all the energy I can to make this a successful and exciting year for all of us!  If parents have any questions, or if students need to call to get help or find out about missing work, please feel free to contact me at school (3:30-4:30PM is best) at 323-441-4600, Room 701. I will consistently use schoology updates throughout the year and give timely feedback. The best way to contact me is schoology messaging or email at [email protected] .  We will also be using the Remind link for AP biology2023-24  or text to 81010 this message @apbiokwan


Exam Format

  1. Multiple-Choice Questions 60 50% 90 Minutes
  2. Free-Response Questions 6 50%  90 Minutes

Online practice-Personal Progress Checks per Unit from College Board code https://myap.collegeboard.org/  2426RM


Required Text:  Neil Campbell and Jane Reece, Biology, 11th ed., Benjamin Cummings Pub.





AP Biology Course 2023-24

Big Idea/Theme

Dates

Topics

Labs and activities

Chapters

Campbell

        Test performance?

Your strengths/weaknesses?

Science as a Process

Week 1

Course intro/Themes of Biology/Scientific Method/Lab work

  • Designing Controlled Experiments Practice

1

 

Unity in Diversity:

Animal Taxonomy and Behavior Lab skills and Statistics

Week 2



Animal Behavior

  • Fruit Fly Animal Behavior Lab and Chi Square tests 
  • M&M lab

25, 26,

32-34

 

Unit 1: Chemistry of Life 

Unit 3: Cellular Energetics

Week 3

Basic Chemistry

  • Molecular Models
  • Penny lab

2




Week 4-6

Biochemistry with focus on enzymes 

  • Biochemical Assay
  • Enzyme Catalysis

3-4




Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function

Week 7

Cell structure & function 

  • Virus and bacteria 
  • Speed dating
  • Cell size limits lab and microscopy

6

 

Week 8-9

Cell Membrane and transport 

  • Osmosis potato lab
  • Escape room

7




Unit 3: Cellular Energetics

Week 10

Energy Transformations: Overview

  • Energy Dynamics

8

 

Week 11-12


Cellular Respiration


  • Respirometer lab

9




  Week 13-14


Photosynthesis


  • Chromatography and Photosynthesis: Leaf disc lab

10

 

Unit 4: Cell communication and  cell cycle

Week 15-16

Cell communication/signal transduction

  • Signal Transduction
  • project examples

11

 

Week 17-18

Cell Reproduction Mitosis/Meiosis

  • Onion Roots
  • Modelling Mitosis/Meiosis

12,13

 

WINTER BREAK

            

Unit

Dates

Topics

Labs and activities

Chapters

Campbell

Test performance?

Your strengths/weaknesses?


Unit 5: Heredity

Week 1-3 

Mendelian Genetics; Applied Genetics

  • punnett squares, pedigrees, and chi square applications

14,15

 

Unit 6:  Gene expression and Regulation

Week 4-6 


DNA structure and Replication, 

RNA and Protein Synthesis

  • modeling

17




Week 7-8

Gene Expression & Cell Differentiation

Embryonic Development

 

18-21, 47




  Week 9-10

Genetic Engineering

  • Gel Electrophoresis: DNA Fingerprinting 
  • Bacterial Transformation

18, 20

 

Unit 7: Natural Selection

Week 11-13


Evolution & Natural Selection 

Adaptation & Coevolution

Origin of life (briefly)

  • Animal Specimens survey/phylogenies
  • Predator claws & natural selection
  • HHMI-skin color

22, 26

 

Week 14-15

Population Genetics & Speciation

Evolution & Reproduction (briefly)

Taxonomy/Overview of Animal Kingdom (briefly)

  • Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium lab
  • HHMI-rock pocket mouse
  • POGIL

23, 24




Unit 8: Ecology

Week 15-17

Biosphere

Ecosystems & Change

Communities

Human Ecology (briefly)

Field Trip: Week 14

  • Biodiversity index
  • Fire Ecology
  • Local biomes

50, 52-55

 
 

4/18

5/2

Practice AP Exam #1 

Practice AP Exam #2 

     

REVIEW

4/26—5/9


REVIEW: Experimental design/Lab review/practice frqs

   



  AP  EXAM


MAY 16


*** AP Exam ***

     
 

Remaining and finals

Fetal Pig Dissection

Bioethics/Group Presentations

  • Dissection
  • Research and debate
   


Lab Report Guidelines


Your composition notebook will be used for a majority of your lab reports and will be turned in on a regular basis. Each of your lab reports should include the following sections: 




  1. Title
  2. Dates
  3. Purpose and Objectives
  4. Hypothesis
  5. Materials
  6. Procedures
  7. Data 
  8. Analysis
  9. Discussion/Conclusions



Distinguish each section by underlining the section header and leave a space between each section. What is required for each part is described in more detail below:

  1. Title - Be as specific as possible and briefly denote primary topic dealt with during the experimentation. The title should be written at the top of the first page of the report only. Underline, highlight, or box the title.
  2. Dates: Include the dates when the lab/experiment was conducted.
  3. Purpose/Objectives - Background information that will help others to understand the experiment that you have conducted. Important terms should be defined in the section. No bullet points! Complete sentences only. Purpose of the lab should be clearly stated. For example, you might start by writing, “The purpose of this lab is to…” or “The objective is …”
  4. Hypothesis: Clearly state what you are testing in an if-then statement. For example: If the pH and temperature changes, the activity of enzyme B will not be affected.
  5. Materials - A complete listing of the materials and supplies that were used to conduct the experiment should be included in this portion of the report or materials used should be included into procedures. 
  6. Procedures - In this section of the report you should present the exact steps that were followed in your experiment. Clearly identify the control, variables and the measurement techniques used. If a handout is given to you, you may simply state, “Refer to handout entitled (title of lab handout)” and glue the necessary document.
  7. Data- All of the raw data that was collected during the experiment should be presented as data table(s) or sketches. Additionally, a graph of the data or calculations should be included in this section. Make sure that the graph is appropriately titled and axes are labeled. Include a legend if necessary.
  8. Analysis – Include data analysis and error analysis. The discussion questions found throughout the laboratory should be written and answered in this section. 
  9. Discussion/Conclusions - This portion of the report is used to clearly explain whether the results support or refute the hypothesis being tested. Explain what your findings mean and what conclusions you can draw from the data. Sources of error and suggestions for improvement should be included in this section. 

Conclusion template: use this to help you organize your ideas into a coherent response to the lab.

The purpose of this experiment was to (state the purpose or the question).  We found that (what you found out or the answer to the lab question). This is supported by the following data_(summarize the main numerical result from analysis). Our result was (consistent/inconsistent) with the accepted theory, in that,(state experiment in relationship to theory). Sources of error, including confounding variables, that might have affected our data include _(list errors/variables)__ because (be sure to explain how each variable affects the data)__.



Holistic Scoring Rubric for Literacy Standards in Science using the C-E-R-(R) Framework:  Grades 9 – 12

 

Exemplary: 4

Proficient: 3

Developing: 2

Basic: 1

Claim

A statement or conclusion that answers the original question/problem.

The claim is student generated, accurate, and addresses the objectives of the task.

The claim is student generated, mostly accurate, and mostly addresses the objectives of the task.

The claim is teacher generated or otherwise scaffolded and used appropriately OR the student generated claim does not sufficiently address the objectives of the task.

There is no claim, or the claim is inaccurate, or the teacher generated claim is used inappropriately. 

Evidence

Scientific data that supports the claim. The data needs to be appropriate and sufficient to support the claim.

The evidence includes statements that are related only to the context, are objective, and are all accurate and support the claim.

The evidence includes statements that are related to the context, are objective, and are mostly accurate.

The evidence includes some statements that are accurate, related to the context, but may include subjective language OR the evidence is provided by the teacher/generated by the class.

The evidence is not provided, does not support the claim, or the teacher/class provided evidence is used inappropriately.

Reasoning

A justification that connects the evidence to the claim. It shows why the data counts as evidence by using appropriate and sufficient scientific principles.

Provides reasoning that links evidence to claims. Includes appropriate and sufficient scientific principles.

Provides logical reasoning that links the claim and evidence. Repeats evidence and /or includes some - but not all sufficient scientific principles.

The student generates reasoning that is illogical OR appropriately uses teacher, class, or group provided rationale to link evidence to the claim.

Does not provide reasoning, or only provides reasoning that does not link evidence to the claim, or the teacher provided reasoning is not used or used inappropriately.

Rebuttal*

Describes alternative explanations and provides counter evidence and reasoning for why the alternative explanation is not appropriate.

Recognizes relevant alternative explanations and provides appropriate and sufficient counter evidence and reasoning when making rebuttals.

Recognizes relevant alternative explanations and provides appropriate but insufficient counter evidence and reasoning when making rebuttals.

The student generates a counterclaim but the counterclaim is either irrelevant or illogical OR can provide a relevant and logical rebuttal to a teacher provided counterclaim.

Does not provide a rebuttal or provides inappropriate rebuttals.

Organization

Cohesion between the parts of the framework

There are clear, appropriate, and sufficient connections made between the claim, evidence, and reasoning.

There are some connections made between the claim, the evidence, and the reasoning, but the connections are incomplete.

There is an attempt to make connections between the claim, evidence, and reasoning, but the connections are not appropriate OR with scaffolding, there are some valid connections made between the claim, evidence, and reasoning.

There are few or no connections made between the claim, evidence, and reasoning.







Rubric Level

Content

Conventions/Organization

Specific Task

4

  • Completes all components of lab thoroughly and accurately
  • Explains key concepts and facts in an accurate and clear manner
  • Demonstrates accurate use of scientific processes (accurate observations)
  • Collects, organizes and displays data accurately
  • Interprets and explains information or data in a clear manner
  • Uses mechanically correct oral written language
  • All questions answered accurately and thoroughly
  • All sections included and properly labeled
  • Rough draft included with final

3

  • Completes most components of the lab with possibly some minor errors
  • Explains key concepts and facts with possibly some minor errors
  • Demonstrates use of scientific processes
  • Collects, organizes and displays data with possibly 1 or  2 minor errors
  • Interprets and explains information or data, but with minor faults
  • Uses oral written language with few errors that do not interfere with the meaning of the lab
  • All questions answered with minor errors
  • All sections included but missing 1 label
  • Rough draft included with final draft

2

  • Completes some components of the lab with possibly significant errors
  • Explains only a few key concepts or facts with possibly some errors
  • Demonstrates little use of scientific processes
  • Collects, organizes and displays data that contains errors
  • Interprets and explains information or data, but with significant errors
  • Uses oral written language containing errors that may interfere with the meaning of the lab
  • Some questions answered with some errors
  • Missing 1 section with and missing 2 labels
  • Rough draft not included

1

  • Completes no components of the lab
  • Explains no key concepts or facts
  • Demonstrates no use of scientific processes
  • Collects, organizes and displays flawed or incomplete data 
  • Interprets and explains information or data in a clear manner
  • Uses oral written language that interferes with meaning of lab
  • No questions answered with errors
  • Missing more than one section with no labels
  • Rough draft not included